Electric block and block-section signaling system.



No. 842,367 PATENTED JAN. 29, I907 A. J. WILSON.

ELECTRIC BLOCK AND BLOCK SECTION SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG 21.1906.

WITNESSES; [NVEN 701a Iu'a Afro/emf).

case a continuous return-rail extending tect a long block and this blockis divided UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADONIRAM J.

HAL]; SIGNAL COMPANY, A

ELECTRIC BLOCK AND BLOCK- CORPORATION OF MAINE.

SECTION SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Application filed August 21,

1'0 (Ir/l mite/1t it lIMLf/ concern: I

Be it known that l, Aooivnmm J. WILSON, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Wcstlield, in the county of Union, State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful improvements in ElectricBlock and Block-Section Signaling Systems, of which the follouing is aspecification.

This invention relates generally to bloclv signaling systems,- but moreparticularly to hl cksignaling systems for electric railways.

The invention seeks to' provide a system which is reliable under allconditions, highly ellicient in operation, and which reduces thenniintenance factor to a minimum.

A feature of the present invention is its capability of employing thesame source of electric energy as that employed. for the pro pulsion oftrains, also for the energization of its various signal and trackcircuits, in which throughout all the blocks and the trolleywire orthird rail are jointly employed as power-mains for the signal-circuitsaswell as for the trains.

In carrying out the invention one or more track-controlledelectromagnetic devices are employed for each protected block, and it ispreferred that one of these devices be diii'erentially wound and becontrolled joint by the opposite rails of the associated b ock. Thesystem contemplates the protection of a plurality of blocks by means ofhome and distant signals and by various interdependent and localsignal-circuits.

A further object is to provide efficient and reliable means for relayingfrom one blocksection to another when it is desired to pro intosubsections.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the single drawing formingpart ofthis specification, and in which two blocks are illustrated withtheir associated signals, circuits and controlling devices.

Reerring now more particularly to the drawing, 1 designates a continuousreturnrail, a portion of which is included in each block, and 2, 3, 4,and 5, respectively, the insulated rail-sections of an east-bound track.For the purposes of this invention rails 1, 3, and 4 are regardedasconstituting the first block and rails 1 and-5 the secondSpecification of Letters Patent.

block, the first block obviouslybeing di Patented Jan. 29, 1907. 1906-Elurial No. 331,425.

vided into two sections 3 1 and 4 1. The east-hound track alone is shownas provided with applicant's system, while numerals (i, 7, 8, and Jmerely designate a west-bound track, which may, if desired, be provided\iith the system.

Numerals 10, 11, and 12 designate track resistances respectivelybridging the rails Numerals 13 and 14 respectively designate the homeand the distant signal for the first block, and numerals 15 and 16respec tively designate the home and the distant signal for the secondblock. Signals 13 and 14 are shown associated with section 3 1 of thefirst block. Each track-section is pro vided with a diil'erentialelectromagnetic device 17, 13, and 19, respectively, each having twoequal coils or windings oppositely wound, while 20 and 21electromagnetic devices for track-section 3 1, and 22 23 supplementarydevices for tracksection 4 1, and 24 25 supplementary devices forsection or block 5 1.

'26 designates a source of electric energy whichis connected to thereturn-rails l and (i by Wire 27 and by wire 28 is connected to thethrough-Wire 29. This source of electric en-' ergy 26 is preferably thesame asthat e1nployed for the propulsion of electric trains, and in thatcase 29 would designate the third rail or trolley-wire. Eachof theelectromagnetic deviees 17 to 25, inclusive, is provided with a separatearmature which is norare supplementary mally held attracted by theassociated electromagnetic device, but is retracted, as indicated, uponthe deenergization of said device. In tracing circuitsthe third rail 29andreturnrail 1 will be regarded, respectively, as the starting andending points, since for all practical purposes they are the same as thesource of electric energy 26. Each set of electromagnetic devicescomprisesa branched circuit between the third rail 29 and theopositerails of the associatedtrack-section. iihis circuit for the first set ofelectromagnetic devices may be traced as follows: third rail 29,potential-reducing resistance 30, wire 31 to point 32, then branching,.one branch through coil 33, wire 34, relay 21, vire 35 to return-rail 1the other branch from point 32 through coil 36, wire 37, relay 20,wire'38, insulated rail section 3, thence through track-resistances l0and 11 in parallel to return-rail 1. A similar circuit 39 40 41, 42 4323 44, 45 46 22 47, insulated rail-section 4, resistances 11 and 12 isrovided for the second set of devices. T e similar branched circuitforthe third section is as follows: 48 49 5e, 51 52 25 53, 54 55 2456,insulated railsection 5, resistance 12, and a similar resistance atthe other end of the block, but not shown.

he circuit for home signal 13 m'ay be traced as follows: third rail 29,resistance 30, wires 31 and 57, armature 58, contact 59, wire 60,contact 61, armature 62, wire 63, contact 64, armature 65, wire 66, homesignal 13, wire 67, wire 68 to return-rail 1.

The circuit for traced as follows: third rail 29, resistance 48, wires49 and 69,- armature 70, c0ntact'71, wire 72, contact 73, armature 74,wire 75, entact '76, armature 77, wire 78, home signal 15, wires 79 and80 to return-rail 1.

The circuit for distant signal 14 may be traced as follows: third rail29, resistance 48, wires 49 and 69, armature 70,- contact 71, wire 72,contact 73, armature 74, wire 75, contact 76, armature 77, wirecircuit-closer 82, through-wire 83, circuiteloser 84, wire 85, distantsignal 14, wire 68 to returnrail 1.

The circuit for distant signal 16 may be traced as follows: through-wire86, circuitcloser 87 wire 88, distant signal 16, wire 80 to return-rail1.

89 or to circuit-closer 82, above described. It is not illustratedcomplete, as it is' merely a repetition of 'asimilar circuit for distantsignal 14-, already traced. The relay-circuit bridging rails 3 and 1 andcontrolled by the electromagnetic devices associatcd with block-section4 1 may be traced follows: insulated rail-section 3, wire 90, thenbranching through three parallel paths-iirst, wire 91, armature 92,conlar to circuit closer tact 93, wires 94 and 44 to return-rail 1; sec-0nd, wire 95', contact 96, armature 97, wires 98 and 44 to rail 1, and,third, Wire 99, contact 100, armature 101, wire 44 to rail 1.

All circuits and apparatus are shown in their normal condition and, asshown, all signal-circuits are normally closed, all electromagneticdevices are operatively energized, and all signals are normally held atsafety.

The operation of the branched circuits through the dillerentialelectromagnetic devices is controlled by a train in the associatedtrack-section as follows The current strength in the branches throughcoils 36, 45, and 54 is normally less than that through coils 33, 42,and 52 on account of the resistances 10, 11, and branches. Themagnetizing cli'ect of coils 36, 45, and 54 is therefore overbalanced bythat of the opposing coils 33, 42, and 52, respectively, so that eachpair of coils 36 33 home signal 15 may be 78, Wire 81,

This circuit to be completed should be connected with acircuit-closersimlthe normal operative efiect "cuit, now goes to circuitthrougihidistant signal ances 12, included solely in the first-named I45, 42, and 54 51 has normally a joint magnetizing or o erative effectand holds each of the circuit-c osing armatures 62, 97, and 74,respectively, attracted, as shown. If, however, a train'is in atrack-section, its wheels and axles bridge the opposite rails and shuntout the associated track resistances. This equalizes the currentstrength through the opposing equal coils of the associated difierential electromagnetic device, such as 17. The joint magnetizing effect ofthe coils is therefore destroyed and the armature released, breaking asignal-circuit in the case of the difi'erential devices 17 and 19 andclosing a relay-circuit in the case of difierential device 18. Therelays 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 are each connected in a separatebranch of the branched circuits described and are energized unless oneof thesaid branches is accidentally broken. Then the correspondingelectromagnetic device is denergized to release its armature and in thecase of the electromagnetic devices20, 21 24, and 25 breaks asignal-circuit, While in the case of electromagnetic devices 22 and 23the. released armature closesa relay-circuit. These circuits have allbeen traced above.

The operation of the system as affected b an advancingtrain is asfollows; If an a vancin train enters section 3 1, mil 3 is bridgeviousl'y 10 and described. and T1 are shunted out.

tial device .17, which releases its armature 62, opening the circuitthrough home signal at 61 62.. This signal, which has previously beenheld at safety by the closedsignal-cirdanger bygravity. The movement ofsignal 13 to danger opens circuit-closers 84 and '89.- The enmg ofcircnitmloser 84 breaks the norms 1y closed 14, wlnch'is normally hel byits circuit a'tflsafety. Distant signal 14 then goes to danger.

Thus as the train proceeds into block-section,

3 1 both theho'rne and the distant signal are at danger"behindthe trainto -block the advance of a second train. AS the .train progresses intoblock-section 4 1 track resist- 11 and 12 are shunted out by the wheels,as previously described, destro ng the normal operative effect ofdiflerenti'a .device 18, whichreleases its"armature 97 to make contactwith 96 and' close the relaycircuit 95, 96, 97, 98, and 44 tobridge-rail 3 across to rail 1.v It thus evident that as the trainentirely leaves block-section 3 1 the condition of differential device17 remains unchanged, since the relay-circuit described serves toshuntout track resistances 10 and 11, the same as previously did the wheelsand axles of the tram. This relaying function 15 useful in connectionwith long blocks, which may thereby be divided up into subsections,

by the wheels across to raill as pre of the difierenfrom one rail toanother.

ential dmice Ill is destroyed.

signal 15 to tircly out of block-section 4 1,

3o ential device .17,

caused to go to "safety." home signal to afety'" 5 an advancing trainhas now shown h 3 1 and 4 5 ha \'c the same ctl'ect on as illustrated,and operate much more ellectively han il' a long stretch of railsisrelied upon for cult) some As the train progresses imo trzn-lt section 51 track resistance 1; is slumiod out. and also a succeeding track reistance. it one lit l1ltl he provided, so that the normal operativecli'ect. ot' diilcr- Annature 7 is released. breaking the circuitthrough home signal 15 at T3 74, Home signal 15 then goes todanger.\hesmne aspreviously did home signal lit. The movement ol'homedanger opens circuit-closers 87 and 8'. to hrak circuit through distantsignal Hi and distant signal 14,1'espec1ively. Distant signal it) thengoes tofrlauger from its normal safety position, the same as so diddistant signal H, as previouslydescribed.

Distant'signal 14- is at "dauger any way, its circuit being broken at84', so this second break in its circuit causes no change in the signalscondition. hen the train is en differential device 18 regains its normaloperative. effect, attracting its armature 97 to break the relaycircuitat 96 97. stores the normal operative cfl'ect. of differ. which closesthe. circuit signal 13 at 61 62. Home signal 13 then goes to safety,closing circuitclosers 84 and 81). The closing of closingcircuit 84,hOVcVlI, has no cfl'cct upon disthrough home 35 tant signal 14, sincesaid, signal-circuit is.

broken at 82, as described. As the train leaves block 5 1 ditl'ercmialdevice 1}) regains its normal operative effect, closing the cir cuitthrough home signal 15, which is then The movement of closescircuit-closer ts). completing the signnlwircuit{or distant signal 1-1.which then also goes. to safctyl A\ complete series of operations asatlected by been described, and it is to be understood that theseoperations may be repeated indefinitely. Furthermorc, although there isillustrated a block divided into separate subsections, as 1, it is to beunderstood that in some instances it may he preferred to employ merelyundivided or continuous blocks or a combination of such blocks andblocks divided into sections. 111 other. in-

5'5 stances the mutualcontrol and operation of -two ad acent sctsoi'srgnalsasuch as 13 14 and in the system illustrated and 23 serve mere-1to relay However, 11'

15 16, is the same. the devices 18,222, from section 4 1 to section 3 1.

0o rail-section 4 were merely a continua! ion of rail-section 3, so thatinstead of two sections, as illustrated, there was one continuous block,then these devices 18, 122, and 23 would not he necessary, and the trainwon (1 leaving this block as ll'tlt'lytjll't'llllh, in which caselllllltunes :Hhl'rl l'rom leakage across This last action then re theeffect described on leaving,' the second block 5 1.

Although there has been illustrated what is ctszsidtrcd to be apreferred embodiment 1 of this invention, itv is to be understood thatvarious changrs arc contemplated. Although it. is preferable to employthe additional magnetic devices 20, 21, 22, .23, .24, and .25illustrated, one in each branch of a track-circuit, these devices arenot'esscntinl tor the operation of the difierential' devices 17, 18, and19. For some purposes also it.

i ances ll), 11', and 12, in which case onlythe coils of thtdifferential devices 17, 18, and 19, which coils are connected to thec0ntinnous rfbillll'l'ttll 1, will normally be energized to give thedifferential devices their normal operative etl'ect, which will bedcstroycd the same as it track resistances were employed when the trainbridges the oppo- Sltf rails to which the two coils of a differenrialdevice are connected. If "the track resistances are omitted, it isnectssary also to omit the electromagnetic devices 20, 22, and Y24, asotherwise they would not normally be denergized.

One form of mechanical connection between the home signalsand thecircuitcloscrs SE 84 and 82 31' has been diagrtun matically illuslrated, but this connection may be variously modified.

Although the various simml-circuits are illustrated as leading directlyto the signals,

of a continuous return-rail and an insulated rail-section; means forrelaying from one 50011011 to a distantsection, composing a d11-fereinial rlectromagnetic device having two windings, one Windingconnected tothe contiuuous return-rail and onewin'ding connected to thcinsulated rail-section, so that their jUllll magnetizing etlectiscontrollable by a train bridging thernils of said sections, stud arelay-circuit conneetcd to the rails of said distant section andcontrolled by said dill'erttiiltll d1 \lt'l".

.2. it a block-signaling system. a. plurality of l)l()t'l-:st(lll1ll$,ulch comprising a portion of :1 continuous rel urn-rail, an insulatrdrnil section and a bridging 1(Si.-l:it!(tilu refor; means for relayingfrom one stction to a distant siciiou, comprising it dill'ertniialelectromagnetic device having two windings, one winding connected to thecontinuous return i 1 l l l l l L it is to be understood that thesignal-circuits may be preferable to omit the trackresistrailand onewinding connected to the insu gated rail-section, so that imng eflect iscontrollable by a train bridg-- their joint magnetng'trhefrails of saidsection; and a relay-circurt connected to the rails of said distantsec-f tion and controlled by said diflerential de vice; a separateelectromagnetic device connected between each of said two windings andthe opposite rails of the block-section respectively; and a separaterelay-circuit controlled by each of said latter electromagnetic devicesand connected with the opposite rails of said distant block section soas to be closed on a break in either of the said railconnections fromsaid'two coils ofthedifierential electromagnetlc dcvlcc 3. Inablock-signaling system; a blocle comprising a portion of a continuousreturnrail and a lurality of insulated rail-sections; a source 0electric energy; a differential electromagnetic device comprising twowindings, one connected between the source of electric energy and thereturn-rail and the other connected between the source of electricenergy and one'of .the insulated sections,.said windings having a'jointmagnetizing effect when said insulated section is normal and clear andhaving no Qmt'magnetIZm effect when said insulated section is bridge 'orconnected to the continuous return-rad; a signal inductively controlledby said differential electromagnetic device; and means controlled by atram on a distant insulated rail-section for electrically connectingsaid first-mentioned rail-section to said continuous return-rail so asto control said signal.

4 In at block-signaling system; a block comprising a portion of acontinuous returnrail and a plurality of insulated rail-sections asource of electric energy; a differential electromagnetic devicecomprising two windings, one connected-between the'source of electricenergy and the returnrail and the other con-- nected between the sourceof electric energy -and one of the insulated sections,-said win. ngs havng a oint magnetizing effect, when said insulated section is normal andclear and having no joint magnetizin effect when said insulated sectionis bridgei or connected to the continuousreturn-rail; a signal-inductively controlled by said diHerential.electro,-' magnetic device; andmeans controlled'by a train on a distant insulated rail-sectionforelectrically connecting said first-mentioned rail-section to saidcontinuous return-rail so a as to control said signal; said meanscomprising a difi'erential electromagnetic device connected between thesource of electric energ and the returnrail and the insulated rai lsection of the distant block-section.

5. In a block-signaling system; a block comprising a-portion of acontinuous returnrail and a plurality of insulated rail-sections; asource of electric energy; a differential electromagneticdevi'cecomprising two windings,

one connected between the source of electric energy and the return-railand the other connected between the source of electric e'nergv and oneof the insulated sections, said windings having a joint magnetizingeffect when said insulated section'is normal and clear and having nojoint magnctizin efiectgwhen said insulated section is bridge orconnected to the continuous return-rail; a signal inductively controlledbyv said ditferenti'al electromagnetic device; and means-controlled by atrain on a distant insulated railrsection for electrically connectingsaid first-mentioned rail-section to' said continuous return-rail so asto control said signal ;v said means comprising abranched circuitconnected respc'c-' tivelyto the return-nail and the insulated rails'ection, a differential relay controlled joihtl. thereby and a relaycontrolled by each branch, said relays controlling severalmultiple-relay circuits.

6; In a block-signaling of blocks, each block as continuous -return-railand an insulated rail-section; a'home and a distant signal at one block;a homc' sign al at asucceeding block; a source of electric ener y; traincontrolled means at each of sai blocks, said means comprising anelectromagnetic device system; a plurality vwith two opposing windings,said windings connected respectivel between the source of electricenergy and t e opposite rails of the associated block so as to have (anormal 0 erative effect 'when the associated 'bloc is clear; a localoperating-circuit for each of said home signals controlled by thetraincontrolled means of the associated block; and a distant-signalcircuit controlled by the home signal of said succeeding block.

7 In a-block-signaling system; aplurality 'of blocks, each block,comprising a portion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block a, home signal at-a succeeding block; a source of electric energy; traincon trolled meansat each of said block's, said -means co1nprising an electromagneticdevice withtwo opposing windings, said windings connccted respective]between the source of block; a source of electric energy; train-controlled means at each of sai bloc-1's; said comprising a portion ofmeans comprising an elcctroinagnctic (l( \]('c with two opposingwindings, said windings connected respectively between thosouri -c olelectric encrgv and the opposite rails oi thc associated block so as tohave a normal operative cllcct when the associated block is clear; alocal operating-circuit for each oi said home signals controlled by thetramcontrolled means of the associated block; and a distant-signalcircuit controlled by the home signal and the train-controlled means ofsaid succeeding block and also by the home signal at the first block.

I 9. In a block-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatetlrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block; a home signal ata succeeding block; a source of electric energy; traiIi-controlled meansat each of said blocks, said means" comprising an electromagnetic devicewith two opposing windings, said windings connected respectively betweenthe source of electric energy and the opposite rails of the associatedblock so as to have a normal operative cll'cct when the associated blockis clear; a local operatmg'circuit'for each oi said home signalscontrolled by; the trainscontrolled means of the; associated block; anda distant-signal circuit in multiple with said home signal of thesucceeding block.

1!). In a bloclcsignaling system; a plural it v of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion of a'conlinuous return-rail and an insulatedrailscction; a home and a distant signal at one block; a home signal ata succeeding block; a source oi electric energy; traincontrolled meansat each of said blocks, said means comprising an electromagnetic devicewith two opposing windings, said windings connected respectively betweenthe source ol electric energy and the opposite rails of the associatedblock so as to have a normal operative cllect when the associated blockis clear; a local operatlug-circuit for each of said home signalscontrolled by the train-controllcd means oi the associi-ited block; anda distant-signalcircuit in multiple with said homo signal of thesucceeding block and controlled bythe home signalol' said snccccdingblock.

11. in a blocksigna]ing system; a plurality of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion o a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at on}; block; a homo signalat a succeeding bliilih; a source of electric energy; train-contr-ejledmeans at each of said blocks, said means comprising an clcctromagncticdevice with two opposing windings, said windings connected rcspiaativelybetween the source of electric energy and t 1c opposite rails of theassociated block soas tivc ell'cct when the associated block is clear; alocal operating-circuit for each of said home tohavc a normalopcra- V ll l lraiir-controllcd ldltKl block: and a distant signal circuit inmultiple wiih said homo signal of thc succeeding block and controlled bythe home signal and thc traiii-controlled means of said sum'cwlingblock.

12. in a blink-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion of a cimtinuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block; a home signal ata succeeding block; a source of clcctric energy; train-con.

trolled means at each of said blocks. said means comprising anelectroniagnctic device with two opposing windings, said windingsconnected. respectively between the source of electric energy and theopposite rails of the associated block so as to have a normal opera--tive effect when the associated block clear;

a local operating-circuit for each of said home signals controlled bythe train-controlled.

means of the associated block; and a distantsignal circuit in multiplewith said home signal of the succeeding block and controlled by saidhome signal of thesucceeding block and controlled by the home signal andthe traincontrolled means of said succeeding block and also by the homesignal at the first block.

13. In a block-signaling system; a plural it of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion 0 a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block; a home signal ata succeeding block; a source of electric energy; train-con-, trolledmeans at each of said blocks, said means comprising an electromagneticdevice with two opposing windings. said windings connected respectivelybetween the source of electric energy and the opposite rails of theassociated block so as to have a normal operative eli ect when theassociated block is clear; a local operating-circuit for each of saidhome signals controlled by the train-controlled means of the associatedblock and normally closed, thereby holding said signal at clean and adistant-signal circuit also normally closed, maintaining the distantsignal at clear and controlled by the home signal of said succeedingblock.

14. in a block-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at onc block; a home signal ata succeeding block; a source of electric energy; traincontrollcd meansat each of said blocks, said means comprising an electromagnetic devicewith two opposing windings, said windings connected respectively betweenthe source of electric energy and the opposite rails of the associatedblock so as to have anornial operatiwc ell'ect when the associated blockis clear; a local operating-circuit for each of said homc signalscontrolled by the train -controlled means of the associated block andnormally signals controlled by the mcansol the assoc signal circuit alsonormally closed, maintainclosed thereby holdin said signals at clear anda distant-signa circuit also normally closed, maintainin the distantsignal at clear and contro led by the home signal and thetrain-controlled meansof said succeedin block.

15. n a block-si nalin'g system; a pluralit y of blocks, each lockcomprising a portion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block; a home si nal ata succeeding block; a source of e ectric energy; train-controlled meanscomprising an electromagnetic device with two 0 posing windings, saidwindings connecte respectively between the source of electric energy andthe opposite rails of the associated block so as to have a normaloperative effect when the associated block is clear; a local 0erating-cir cuit for each of said home signals controlled by thetrain-controlled means of the associated block and normally closedthereb holding said signals at clear; and a istanting the distant signalat clear and controlled by the-home signal and the train-controlledmeans of said succeeding block and also by the home signal at the firstblock.

16. In a block-signaling system; a pluw rality of blocks, each bldckcomprising a portion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant si nal at one block; a home signal ata succee ing block a source of electric energy; traincontrolled means ateach of said blocks, said means comprising an electromagnetic. devicewith two opposing windin s, said windings connected respectively etweenthe source of electric energ and the 03])0Slt6 rails of the associated bock so as to ave a normal operative effect when the associated block isclear; a local operating-circuit for each of. said home signalscontrolled by the train-controlled means of the associated block andnormally closed thereby holding said signals at clear and adistant-signal circuit also normally closed, maintaining the distantsignal at clear and in multiple with said home signal of the succeedingblock.

17. In a block-signaling system; a plu rality of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion of a continuous return-rail and aninsulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block and ahome signal at a succeeding block; a source of electric energy; twolocal track-circuits respectively connecting the opposite rails of eachof said blocks to the source of electric energy; each of saidtrack-circuits including a relay and one of the two opposing coils of adifferential relay; a lno]no-signalcircuit controlled jointly by saidrelays and said dillcrentialrelay; a distant signal circuit in multiplewith the said home signal of the succeeding block.

18. In a block-si naling system; a plurality of blocks, each lwlockcomprising a por- 'tion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block and a home signalat a succeeding block; a source of'electric energy; two localtrack-circuits respectively connecting the opposite rails of each ofsaid blocks to the source of electric energy; each of saidtrack-circuits including a relay and one of the two opposing coils of adifferential relay; a home-signal circuit controlled jointly by saidrelays and said differential relay; a distant-signal circuit in multiplewith the said home signal of the succeeding block and controlled by saidhome signal.

19. In a block-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each blockcomprising a por tion of a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section; a home and a distant signal at one block and a home signalat a succeeding block; a source of electric energy; two local trackcircuits respectively connecting the opposite rails of each of saidblocks to the source of electric energy; each of said track-circuitsincluding arelay and one of the two opposing coils of a differentialrelay; a home-signal circuit controlled jointly by said relays and saiddifferential relay; a distant signal circuit in multiple with the saidhome signal of the succeedin block and controlled by the home signal aneach of the relays of said succeeding block.

20. In a block-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each block comrising a por tion of a cohtinuousreturn-rai and an insu latedrail-section and a resistance permanently cross-connecting saidcontinuous return-rail and said insulated rail-section andinterconnecting said insulated rail-sections; a home and a distantsignal at one bloclqa home signal at a succeeding block; a source ofelectric energy; train-controlled means at each of said blocks, saidmeans comprising an electromagnetic device with two opposing windings,said windings connected respectively between the source of electricenergy and the opposite rails of the associated bloclr so as to have anormal 0 erative effect when the associated block is c car; a localoperating-circuit for each of said home signals con trolled by thetrain-controlled means of the associated block; and a distant-signalcircuit controlled by the home signal of said succeeding block.

21. In a block-signaling system; a pluralit Y of blocks, each blockcomprising a portion 0? a continuous return-rail and an insulatedrail-section and a resistance permanently cross-connecting saidcontinuous return-rail and said insulated rail-section andinterconnecting said insulated rail-sections; a home and a distantsignal at one block; a home signal at a succeeding block; a source ofelectric energy; train-controlled means at each of said blocks, saidmeans comprising an electromagnetic device with two 0 posing windings,said windings connects respectively between the source of electricenergy and the oppositerails of the associated block so as to have a.normal operative effect when the associated block is clear; a local 0iterating-circuit for each of said home signs s controlled by thetrain-controlled means of the associated block; and a distant-signalcircuit controlled by the homo signal and the traink controlled means-ofsaid succeeding block.

22. In a block-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each block com)rising a portion of a continuous return-rail lated rail-section and aresistance permanentlycrossconnecting said continuous return-rail andsaid insulated rail-section and interconnecting said insulatedrail-sections a home and a distant signal at one block; a

home signal at a succeeding block: a source of clectilc energy; atrain-controlled means at each of said blocks, said means comprising anelectromagnetic device with two opposing windings, said windingsconnected respectively between the source of electric energy and theopposite rails of the associated block sons to have a normal 0 )erativeeffect when the associate-l block is clear; a local operating-circuitfor each of said home signals controlled by the train-controlled meansof the associated block; and adistant-signal circuit controlled by thehome signal and the traincontrolled means of said succeeding block andalso by the home signal at the first block.

23. In an electric block-signaling system in which a differential relaycontrols the signal-circuits; interlocked home and distant signalcircuits', each being controlled by a separate block; and means forutilizing the same source of power as is used for the propulsion oftrains to control and to energize said interlocked signal-circuits.

24. In a block-signaling system; a plurality of blocks, each comprisinga portion of a continuous returnaail and an insulated railsection; asource of electric energy; trainaud an insucontrolled means for each ofsaid blocks, comprising an electromagnetic device with two opposingwindings" said windings connected respectively between the source ofelectric energy and the opposite rails of the associated block so as tohave a normal operative effect when the associated block is clear, whicheffect is changed when said block is occupied by a train; block; anormally energized circuit for said signal controlled by theelectromagnetic device of the associated block; a normal clear signalfor a preceding block; a normally energized circuit for said lattersignal, controlled by the electromagnetic device of the associated blockand by.the said first-mentioned signal.

25. In a hlo cksignaling system; a phirality of blocks, each comprisinga portion of a continuous return-rail and an insulated railsection; asource of electric energy; traincontrolled means for each of seacomprising an electromagnetic device with two 0 posing windings; saidwindings connested respectively between the source of electric energyand the opposite rails of the associated block so as to have a normal 0)erative effect when the associated bloc is clear, which effect ischanged when said block is occupied by a train; a normal clear signalfor one block; a normally energized circuit for said signal controlledby the electromagnetic device of the associated block; a normal clearsignal for a precedingblock a normally enerized circuit for said lattersig nal controlled )v the electromagnetic device of the associated blockby the said first-mentioned electromagnetic device and by the saidfirst-mentioned signal.

In testimony whereof I have signed my some to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ADONIRAM J. Wilson; Witnesses:

MAY V. MOPIKE, LEONARD DAY.

a normal clear signal for one blocks,

